تاثیر افزایش کربن دی اکسید بر دمای کره زمین

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دی اکسید کربن یک گاز شیمیایی مخصوص است که برای تابش خورشید شفاف است و در عین حال اشعه مادون قرمز را جذب می کند. بنابراین، حضور دی اکسید کربن در فضای ما اجازه می دهد تا نور آفتاب به سطح نفوذ کند اما انتشار اشعه مادون قرمز را به فضا متوقف می کند.

نتیجه جذب اشعه مادون قرمز تیوسط دی اکسید کربن در جو زمین این است که زمین بسیار گرمتر از  میزان مورد انتظا براساس فاصله از خورشید باشد…

 

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۴۵,۰۰۰ ریال – خرید نهایی کردن خرید مورد به سبد خرید اضافه شد

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قسمتی از متن فایل word:

دی اکسید کربن یک گاز شیمیایی مخصوص است که برای تابش خورشید شفاف است و در عین حال اشعه مادون قرمز را جذب می کند. بنابراین، حضور دی اکسید کربن در فضای ما اجازه می دهد تا نور آفتاب به سطح نفوذ کند اما انتشار اشعه مادون قرمز را به فضا متوقف می کند.

نتیجه جذب اشعه مادون قرمز تیوسط دی اکسید کربن در جو زمین این است که زمین بسیار گرمتر از  میزان مورد انتظار

براساس فاصله از خورشید باشد.

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مقاله اصلی به زبان انگلیسی

تاثیر افزایش کربن دی اکسید بر دمای کره زمین

A new atmosphere-ocean climate modeling study shows that atmospheric carbon dioxide acts as a thermostat in regulating the temperature of Earth. Credit: NASA GISS/ Lilly Del Valle

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تاثیر افزایش کربن دی اکسید بر دمای کره زمین
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Various atmospheric components differ in their contributions to the greenhouse effect, some through feedbacks and some through forcings. Without carbon dioxide and other non-condensing greenhouse gases, water vapor and clouds would be unable to provide the feedback mechanisms that amplify the greenhouse effect. Credit: NASA GISSWater vapor and clouds are the major contributors to Earth’s greenhouse effect, but a new atmosphere-ocean climate modeling study shows that the planet’s temperature ultimately depends on the atmospheric level of carbon dioxide.

تاثیر افزایش کربن دی اکسید بر دمای کره زمین

The study, conducted by Andrew Lacis and colleagues at NASA’s Goddard Institute for Space Studies (GISS) in New York, examined the nature of Earth’s greenhouse effect and clarified the role that greenhouse gases and clouds play in absorbing outgoing infrared radiation. Notably, the team identified non-condensing greenhouse gases — such as carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, ozone, and chlorofluorocarbons — as providing the core support for the terrestrial greenhouse effect.

تاثیر افزایش کربن دی اکسید بر دمای کره زمین

Without non-condensing greenhouse gases, water vapor and clouds would be unable to provide the feedback mechanisms that amplify the greenhouse effect. The study’s results will be published Friday, Oct. 15 in Science.

تاثیر افزایش کربن دی اکسید بر دمای کره زمین

A companion study led by GISS co-author Gavin Schmidt that has been accepted for publication in the Journal of Geophysical Research shows that carbon dioxide accounts for about 20 percent of the greenhouse effect, water vapor and clouds together account for 75 percent, and minor gases and aerosols make up the remaining five percent. However, it is the 25 percent non-condensing greenhouse gas component, which includes carbon dioxide, that is the key factor in sustaining Earth’s greenhouse effect. By this accounting, carbon dioxide is responsible for 80 percent of the radiative forcing that sustains the Earth’s greenhouse effect.

تاثیر افزایش کربن دی اکسید بر دمای کره زمین

The climate forcing experiment described in Science was simple in design and concept — all of the non-condensing greenhouse gases and aerosols were zeroed out, and the global climate model was run forward in time to see what would happen to the greenhouse effect. Without the sustaining support by the non-condensing greenhouse gases, Earth’s greenhouse effect collapsed as water vapor quickly precipitated from the atmosphere, plunging the model Earth into an icebound state — a clear demonstration that water vapor, although contributing 50 percent of the total greenhouse warming, acts as a feedback process, and as such, cannot by itself uphold the Earth’s greenhouse effect.

تاثیر افزایش کربن دی اکسید بر دمای کره زمین

“Our climate modeling simulation should be viewed as an experiment in atmospheric physics, illustrating a cause and effect problem which allowed us to gain a better understanding of the working mechanics of Earth’s greenhouse effect, and enabled us to demonstrate the direct relationship that exists between rising atmospheric carbon dioxide and rising global temperature,” Lacis said.
تاثیر افزایش کربن دی اکسید بر دمای کره زمین
The study ties in to the geologic record in which carbon dioxide levels have oscillated between approximately 180 parts per million during ice ages, and about 280 parts per million during warmer interglacial periods. To provide perspective to the nearly 1 C (1.8 F) increase in global temperature over the past century, it is estimated that the global mean temperature difference between the extremes of the ice age and interglacial periods is only about 5 C (9 F).

تاثیر افزایش کربن دی اکسید بر دمای کره زمین

“When carbon dioxide increases, more water vapor returns to the atmosphere. This is what helped to melt the glaciers that once covered New York City,” said co-author David Rind, of NASA’s Goddard Institute for Space Studies. “Today we are in uncharted territory as carbon dioxide approaches 390 parts per million in what has been referred to as the ‘superinterglacial.'”

تاثیر افزایش کربن دی اکسید بر دمای کره زمین

“The bottom line is that atmospheric carbon dioxide acts as a thermostat in regulating the temperature of Earth,” Lacis said. “The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change has fully documented the fact that industrial activity is responsible for the rapidly increasing levels of atmospheric carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases. It is not surprising then that global warming can be linked directly to the observed increase in atmospheric carbon dioxide and to human industrial activity in general.”